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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
© 2024 MSCI Inc. All rights reserved. Please refer to the disclaimer at the end of this document. 
 
 
 
 
 
GLOBAL INDUSTRY 
CLASSIFICATION 
STANDARD (GICS®) 
METHODOLOGY 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guiding Principles and Methodology for GICS 
 August 2024

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
© 2024 MSCI Inc. All rights reserved. Please refer to the disclaimer at the end of this document. 
 
 
Contents 
Outline of the GICS® Methodology Book ................................................................................. 3 
Section 1: Introduction .......................................................................................................... 4 
1.1 
Overview of GICS ................................................................................................................... 5 
1.2 
The GICS Structure ................................................................................................................ 6 
1.3 
Philosophy and objectives of GICS .................................................................................... 13 
Section 2: Companies Eligible for GICS Classification ........................................................... 14 
Section 3: Guidelines for GICS Classification…………………………………………………………………………..15 
3.1 
Classification by revenue and earnings………………………………………………………………………………..15 
3.2 
Propagation of GICS from company level to security level………………………………………………16 
3.3 
Source of information used for GICS classification ......................................................... 16 
Section 4: Review of GICS Classification .............................................................................. 17 
Section 5: GICS Structure Review ......................................................................................... 18 
Section 6: GICS Governance by MSCI And S&P Dow Jones Indices ....................................... 19 
Section 7: GICS Sub-Industry Definitions.............................................................................. 20 
Section 8: MSCI Fixed Income Sector Classification Guidelines ............................................ 55 
8.1 
Fixed income universe eligible for classification .............................................................. 55 
8.1.1 Classification of a company that has issued both equity and corporate bonds .......... 55 
8.1.2 Classification of a company that has issued only corporate bonds ............................. 56 
8.2 Source of information used for the GICS classification of fixed income ............................. 57 
8.3 Maintenance of GICS for companies that have issued corporate bonds ............................ 57 
8.3.1 Ongoing review .................................................................................................................. 57 
8.3.2 Impact of GICS structure review ...................................................................................... 57 
Appendix 1: Changes to the GICS Methodology Book …………………………………………………………………...58

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Outline of the GICS® Methodology Book 
This Methodology book primarily provides details on the guidelines used by both MSCI and S&P Dow 
Jones Indices to assign Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS®) to companies that have 
issued equity securities. 
Section 1 introduces GICS and its philosophy and objectives. 
Section 2 details the eligibility for GICS classification. 
Section 3 explains the guidelines used by MSCI and S&P Dow Jones Indices to classify 
companies that have issued equity securities under the GICS framework. 
Section 4 details the review of GICS at the company level. 
Section 5 explains the GICS Structure Review process undertaken by MSCI and S&P Dow Jones 
Indices to ensure that the GICS Structure remains relevant and up-to-date. 
Section 6 highlights GICS governance policy that includes the GICS Operations Committee, 
with members from both MSCI and S&P Dow Jones Indices. 
Section 7 details the GICS Sub-Industry level definitions. 
Section 8 details MSCI’s guidelines for leveraging GICS for the classification of companies 
that have issued corporate bonds. 
This book was first published on 7 January 2020 and last updated in August 2024.

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Section 1: Introduction 
In 1999, the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) was developed by MSCI in collaboration 
with S&P Dow Jones Indices to provide an efficient, detailed and flexible tool for use in the 
investment process. It is designed to respond to the global financial community’s need for a global, 
accurate, complete and widely accepted approach to defining industries and classifying securities 
by industry. Its universal approach to industry classification aims to improve transparency and 
efficiency in the investment process. 
The key features of the GICS Structure are that it is: 
• 
Universal: the Structure applies to companies globally. 
• 
Reliable: the Structure correctly reflects the current state of industries in the equity 
investment universe. 
• 
Flexible: the Structure offers four levels of analysis, ranging from the most general Sector to the 
most specialized Sub-Industry. 
• 
Evolving: Annual Reviews are conducted by MSCI and S&P Dow Jones Indices to ensure that the 
Structure remains fully representative of today’s global markets. 
• 
The GICS Structure presented in this document is the latest Structure post our recent major 
reviews that included the creation of a new Sector for Real Estate that was carved out from the 
Financials Sector and transformation of the Telecommunication Services Sector as the 
Communication Services Sector.

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1.1 Overview of GICS 
To provide the level of precision critical in the investment process, the GICS is designed with four 
levels of classifications that includes 11 Sectors, 25 Industry Groups, 74 Industries, and 163 Sub-
Industries. 
The GICS has 11 Sector classifications: 
• 
Energy 
• 
Materials 
• 
Industrials 
• 
Consumer Discretionary 
• 
Consumer Staples 
• 
Health Care 
• 
Financials 
• 
Information Technology 
• 
Communication Services 
• 
Utilities 
• 
Real Estate 
 
GICS classifications can be presented in either text or numeric formats. The complete GICS 
classification for each company is an 8-digit code with text description. The hierarchical design of 
the 8-digit coding system allows for easy transition between GICS tiers. 
 
Definitions of GICS Sub-Industries are provided in Section 7.

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1.2 The GICS Structure 
 10 Energy 
 
1010 Energy 
 
101010  
 
 
101020  
 
Energy Equipment & Services 
10101010 Oil & Gas Drilling 
10101020 Oil & Gas Equipment & Services 
Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels 
 
10102010 Integrated Oil & Gas 
10102020 Oil & Gas Exploration & Production 
10102030 Oil & Gas Refining & Marketing 
10102040 Oil & Gas Storage & Transportation 
10102050 Coal & Consumable Fuels 
 
 15 Materials 
 
1510 Materials 
 
151010  
 
 
 
 
 
151020 
 
151030 
 
 
151040 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
151050 
Chemicals 
15101010 Commodity Chemicals 
15101020 Diversified Chemicals 
15101030 Fertilizers & Agricultural Chemicals 
15101040 Industrial Gases 
15101050 Specialty Chemicals 
Construction Materials 
15102010 Construction Materials 
Containers & Packaging 
15103010 Metal, Glass & Plastic Containers 
15103020 Paper & Plastic Packaging Products & Materials 
Metals & Mining 
15104010 Aluminum 
15104020 Diversified Metals & Mining 
15104025 Copper 
15104030 Gold 
15104040 Precious Metals & Minerals 
15104045 Silver 
15104050 Steel 
Paper & Forest Products 
15105010 Forest Products 
15105020 Paper Products

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 20 Industrials 
 
2010 Capital Goods 
 
201010  
 
201020 
 
201030 
 
201040 
 
 
201050 
 
201060 
 
 
 
201070  
Aerospace & Defense 
20101010 Aerospace & Defense 
Building Products 
20102010 Building Products 
Construction & Engineering 
20103010 Construction & Engineering 
Electrical Equipment 
20104010 Electrical Components & Equipment 
20104020 Heavy Electrical Equipment 
Industrial Conglomerates 
20105010 Industrial Conglomerates 
Machinery 
20106010 Construction Machinery & Heavy Transportation Equipment 
20106015 Agricultural & Farm Machinery 
20106020 Industrial Machinery & Supplies & Components 
Trading Companies & Distributors 
20107010 Trading Companies & Distributors 
 
2020 Commercial & Professional Services 
 
202010  
 
 
 
 
 
202020 
Commercial Services & Supplies 
20201010 Commercial Printing 
20201050 Environmental & Facilities Services 
20201060 Office Services & Supplies 
20201070 Diversified Support Services 
20201080 Security & Alarm Services 
Professional Services 
20202010 Human Resource & Employment Services 
20202020 Research & Consulting Services 
20202030 Data Processing & Outsourced Services 
 
2030 Transportation 
 
203010  
 
203020 
 
203030 
 
203040 
 
 
 
203050 
Air Freight & Logistics 
20301010 Air Freight & Logistics 
Passenger Airlines  
20302010 Passenger Airlines 
Marine Transportation 
20303010 Marine Transportation 
Ground Transportation 
20304010 Rail Transportation 
20304030 Cargo Ground Transportation 
20304040 Passenger Ground Transportation 
Transportation Infrastructure 
20305010 Airport Services 
20305020 Highways & Railtracks 
20305030 Marine Ports & Services

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 25 Consumer Discretionary 
 
2510 Automobiles & Components 
 
251010  
 
 
251020 
Automobile Components 
25101010 Automotive Parts & Equipment  
25101020 Tires & Rubber 
Automobiles 
25102010 Automobile Manufacturers 
25102020 Motorcycle Manufacturers 
 
2520 Consumer Durables & Apparel 
 
252010  
 
 
 
 
 
252020 
 
252030 
Household Durables 
25201010 Consumer Electronics 
25201020 Home Furnishings 
25201030 Homebuilding 
25201040 Household Appliances 
25201050 Housewares & Specialties 
Leisure Products 
25202010 Leisure Products 
Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods 
25203010 Apparel, Accessories & Luxury Goods 
25203020 Footwear 
25203030 Textiles 
 
2530 Consumer Services 
 
253010  
 
 
 
 
253020  
 
 
Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure 
25301010 Casinos & Gaming 
25301020 Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines 
25301030 Leisure Facilities 
25301040 Restaurants 
Diversified Consumer Services 
25302010 Education Services 
25302020 Specialized Consumer Services 
 
2550 Consumer Discretionary Distribution & Retail 
 
255010 
 
255030 
 
255040 
 
 
Distributors 
25501010 Distributors 
Broadline Retail  
25503030 Broadline Retail 
Specialty Retail 
25504010 Apparel Retail 
25504020 Computer & Electronics Retail 
25504030 Home Improvement Retail 
25504040 Other Specialty Retail 
25504050 Automotive Retail 
25504060 Homefurnishing Retail

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 30 Consumer Staples 
 
3010 Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail 
 
301010 
Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail 
30101010 Drug Retail 
30101020 Food Distributors 
30101030 Food Retail 
30101040 Consumer Staples Merchandise Retail 
 
3020 Food, Beverage & Tobacco 
 
302010 
 
 
 
302020 
 
 
302030  
 
Beverages 
30201010 Brewers 
30201020 Distillers & Vintners 
30201030 Soft Drinks & Non-alcoholic Beverages 
Food Products 
30202010 Agricultural Products & Services 
30202030 Packaged Foods & Meats 
Tobacco 
30203010 Tobacco 
 
3030 Household & Personal Products 
 
303010 
 
303020 
  
Household Products 
30301010 Household Products 
Personal Care Products 
30302010 Personal Care Products 
 
 35 Health Care 
 
3510 Health Care Equipment & Services 
 
351010 
 
 
351020 
 
 
 
 
351030 
Health Care Equipment & Supplies 
35101010 Health Care Equipment 
35101020 Health Care Supplies 
Health Care Providers & Services 
35102010 Health Care Distributors 
35102015 Health Care Services 
35102020 Health Care Facilities 
35102030 Managed Health Care 
Health Care Technology 
35103010 Health Care Technology 
 
3520 Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences 
 
352010 
 
352020 
 
352030  
 
Biotechnology 
35201010 Biotechnology 
Pharmaceuticals 
35202010 Pharmaceuticals 
Life Sciences Tools & Services 
35203010 Life Sciences Tools & Services

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 40 Financials 
 
4010 Banks 
 
401010  
 
 
Banks 
40101010 Diversified Banks 
40101015 Regional Banks 
 
4020 Financial Services 
 
402010  
 
 
 
 
 
402020 
 
402030 
 
 
 
 
402040 
Financial Services 
40201020 Diversified Financial Services 
40201030 Multi-Sector Holdings 
40201040 Specialized Finance 
40201050 Commercial & Residential Mortgage Finance 
40201060 Transaction & Payment Processing Services 
Consumer Finance 
40202010 Consumer Finance 
Capital Markets 
40203010 Asset Management & Custody Banks 
40203020 Investment Banking & Brokerage 
40203030 Diversified Capital Markets 
40203040 Financial Exchanges & Data 
Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) 
40204010 Mortgage REITs 
 
4030 Insurance 
 
403010  
 
 
 
 
Insurance 
40301010 Insurance Brokers 
40301020 Life & Health Insurance 
40301030 Multi-line Insurance 
40301040 Property & Casualty Insurance 
40301050 Reinsurance

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 45 Information Technology 
 
4510 Software & Services 
 
451020 
 
 
451030 
IT Services 
45102010 IT Consulting & Other Services 
45102030 Internet Services & Infrastructure 
Software 
45103010 Application Software 
45103020 Systems Software 
 
4520 Technology Hardware & Equipment 
 
452010  
 
452020 
 
452030 
 
Communications Equipment 
45201020 Communications Equipment 
Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals 
45202030 Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals 
Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components 
45203010 Electronic Equipment & Instruments 
45203015 Electronic Components 
45203020 Electronic Manufacturing Services 
45203030 Technology Distributors 
 
4530 Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment 
 
453010 
 
 
 
Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment 
45301010 Semiconductor Materials & Equipment 
45301020 Semiconductors 
 
 50 Communication Services 
 
5010 Telecommunication Services 
 
501010 
 
 
501020  
  
Diversified Telecommunication Services 
50101010 Alternative Carriers 
50101020 Integrated Telecommunication Services 
Wireless Telecommunication Services 
50102010 Wireless Telecommunication Services 
 
5020 Media & Entertainment 
 
502010  
  
 
 
 
502020 
 
 
502030 
Media 
50201010 Advertising 
50201020 Broadcasting 
50201030 Cable & Satellite 
50201040 Publishing 
Entertainment 
50202010 Movies & Entertainment 
50202020 Interactive Home Entertainment 
Interactive Media & Services 
50203010 Interactive Media & Services

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 55 Utilities 
 
5510 Utilities 
 
551010 
 
551020 
 
551030 
 
551040 
 
551050  
  
Electric Utilities 
55101010 Electric Utilities 
Gas Utilities 
55102010 Gas Utilities 
Multi-Utilities 
55103010 Multi-Utilities 
Water Utilities 
55104010 Water Utilities 
Independent Power and Renewable Electricity Producers 
55105010 Independent Power Producers & Energy Traders 
55105020 Renewable Electricity 
 
 60 Real Estate 
 
6010 Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) 
 
601010 
 
601025 
 
601030 
 
601040 
 
601050 
 
601060 
 
 
601070 
 
601080 
Diversified REITs 
60101010 Diversified REITs 
Industrial REITs  
60102510 Industrial REITs 
Hotel & Resort REITs 
60103010 Hotel & Resort REITs  
Office REITs 
60104010 Office REITs  
Health Care REITs 
60105010 Health Care REITs 
Residential REITs 
60106010 Multi-Family Residential REITs 
60106020 Single-Family Residential REITs  
Retail REITs 
60107010 Retail REITs 
Specialized REITs 
60108010 Other Specialized REITs 
60108020 Self-Storage REITs 
60108030 Telecom Tower REITs 
60108040 Timber REITs 
60108050 Data Center REITs 
 
6020 Real Estate Management & Development 
 
602010  
  
 
 
 
Real Estate Management & Development 
60201010 Diversified Real Estate Activities 
60201020 Real Estate Operating Companies 
60201030 Real Estate Development 
60201040 Real Estate Services

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1.3 Philosophy and objectives of GICS 
The way in which securities are classified into asset classes forms the basis of many important 
investment decisions. The relative merits of each security are judged primarily within these asset 
classes, and investment decisions are taken within this framework. 
 
APPROACHES TO INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES 
Grouping companies based on industries is not a relatively straightforward task as multiple factors 
need to be evaluated in determining the classification that aptly reflects the business model of the 
company as well as adds value to the investment process. There are many approaches to developing 
industry classification schemes, some of which are discussed below. 
At one extreme is the purely statistical approach, which is solely financial market- based and backward 
looking, using past returns. Aggregations are formed around correlation, often yielding non-intuitive 
groupings that are dissimilar across countries and regions. Another approach attempts to define a 
priori financial market-oriented groups or themes, such as cyclical, interest rate sensitive, etc. The 
difficulty, however, lies in finding widely accepted and relatively stable definitions for these themes. 
Two other approaches begin with an economic perspective on companies. The first focuses on a 
production orientation while the other adopts a market or demand orientation in company analysis. 
The production-oriented approach was effective in the past in its analysis of the microstructure of 
industries from the producers’ standpoint. For instance, it segregated goods and services on the 
premise that it was a different set of companies that provided each to consumers. As the structure of 
the global economy evolved, limitations of this approach became increasingly obvious. The ever-
increasing share of discretionary income brought about by economic development, emergence of the 
service era, and the availability and accessibility of information with the advent of new communication 
technology has moved the emphasis from producers to consumers. 
 
THE GICS: MARKET DEMAND-ORIENTED 
The Global Industry Classification Standard is designed to be market demand- oriented in its 
analysis and classification of companies. For example, drawing the line between goods and services 
is becoming increasingly arbitrary as they are now commonly sold together. This distinction between 
goods and services is replaced by adopting the more market-oriented Sectors of “Consumer 
Discretionary” and “Consumer Staples”, which group goods and services Sub-Industries. 
In addition, the creation of large stand-alone Sectors such as Health Care, Information Technology 
and Communication Services accurately represents industries that provide significant value to the 
consumer in today’s global and integrated economy. This further contributes to a more uniform 
distribution of weights among the 11 GICS Sectors.

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Section 2: Companies Eligible for GICS Classification 
Companies that have issued equity securities are eligible for a GICS classification. 
If a company’s subsidiary files separate financials to its reporting government agency, that 
subsidiary is considered a separate entity and classified independently under the GICS Methodology. 
GICS is not assigned to supranationals, municipals, sovereigns, shell companies, mutual funds, or 
exchange traded funds.

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Section 3: Guidelines for GICS Classification 
The GICS is strictly hierarchical and thus a company can only belong to one grouping at each of the 
four levels. 
 
3.1 Classification by revenue and earnings 
In order to provide an accurate, complete and long-term view of the global investment universe, 
a company’s revenues often provide a more stable and precise reflection of its activities than 
earnings. Furthermore, industrial and geographical breakdowns of revenues are more 
commonly available than earnings broken down the same way for most companies. 
Nevertheless, company valuations are more closely related to earnings than revenues. 
Therefore, earnings remain an important secondary consideration in a company’s Industry 
Classification. In addition to revenue and earnings, market perception is also recognized as 
relevant for classification purposes. 
As a general rule, a company is classified in the Sub-Industry whose definition most closely 
describes the business activities that generate more than 60% of the company’s revenues. 
Example: Amazon.com, Inc. 
 
2022 fiscal year 
Sales 
Online stores (Broadline Retail) 
43% 
Physical stores (Broadline Retail) 
4% 
Third-party seller services (Broadline Retail) 
23% 
Subscription services 
7% 
Advertising services 
7% 
Amazon Web Services (AWS) 
16% 
Other 
1% 
Total 
100% 
 
 
GICS level 
GICS code 
GICS description 
Sector 
25 
Consumer Discretionary 
Industry Group 
2550 
Consumer Discretionary Distribution & Retail 
Industry 
255030 
Broadline Retail 
Sub-Industry 
25503030 
Broadline Retail 
 
However, a company engaged in two or more substantially different business activities, none of 
which contribute 60% or more of revenues, is classified in the Sub- Industry that provides the 
majority of both the company’s revenues and earnings.

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When no Sub-Industry provides the majority of both the company’s revenues and earnings, the 
classification will be determined based on further research and analysis. 
In addition, a company significantly diversified across three or more Sectors, none of which 
contributes the majority of revenues or earnings, is classified either in the Industrial Conglomerates 
Sub-Industry (Industrial Sector) or in the Multi-Sector Holdings Sub-Industry (Financials Sector). 
Example: General Electric (US) 
 
2022 fiscal year 
Revenue 
Profit/Loss 
Aerospace 
33% 
74% 
Renewable Energy 
17% 
-35% 
Power 
21% 
19% 
HealthCare 
24% 
42% 
Corporate 
5% 
- 
Total 
100% 
100% 
 
GICS level 
GICS code 
GICS description 
Sector 
20 
Industrials 
Industry Group 
2010 
Capital Goods 
Industry 
201050 
Industrial Conglomerates 
Sub-Industry 
20105010 
Industrial Conglomerates 
 
3.2 Propagation of GICS from company level to security level 
GICS is assigned at the company level. Thus, all equity securities including ADRs and GDRs issued 
by a company have the same classification as the company. 
A tracking stock issued by a parent company is classified based on its underlying business. 
 
3.3 Source of information used for GICS classification 
The primary source of information used for classification is a company’s annual reports and 
accounts. Other sources include broker reports and other published research literature. In the case 
of a new issue, the classification will be based primarily on the description of the company’s 
activities and pro forma results as given in the prospectus.

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Section 4: Review of GICS Classification 
A company’s Sub-Industry classification will be reviewed either when a significant corporate 
restructuring occurs or when a new annual report is available. GICS reviews also occur upon client 
request. 
In order to provide a stable Sub-Industry classification, when reviewing a company’s classification, 
changes will be minimized in the Sub-Industry classification to the extent possible by disregarding 
temporary fluctuations in the results of a company’s different activities.

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Section 5: GICS Structure Review 
MSCI and S&P Dow Jones Indices are committed to ensuring that the GICS Structure remains 
relevant and up-to-date. This is accomplished through an Annual Review of the Structure. This 
Review includes a detailed internal analysis to develop a proposal for potential structural changes 
and public request for comments and in-depth client consultations with various market participants 
as a means of obtaining feedback on proposed structural changes. 
Further information on changes to the GICS Structure can be found on MSCI’s website at 
www.msci.com/gics.

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Section 6: GICS Governance by MSCI And S&P Dow Jones Indices 
The GICS Methodology and Structure fall under the overall supervision of the GICS Operations 
Committee, with members from both MSCI and S&P Dow Jones Indices. The Committee will consult 
with the financial markets community as needed in order to keep the Methodology current and relevant. 
MSCI and S&P Dow Jones Indices consider information about changes to the GICS Structure and 
related matters to be potentially price sensitive. Therefore, all Committee discussions are confidential.

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Section 7: GICS Sub-Industry Definitions 
Energy 
ENERGY 
 
 
101010 
Energy 
Equipment & 
Services 
 
10101010 
Oil & Gas Drilling 
 
Drilling contractors or owners of drilling rigs that 
contract their services for drilling wells. 
10101020 
Oil & Gas Equipment 
& Services 
 
Manufacturers of equipment, including drilling rigs 
and equipment, and providers of supplies such as 
fractured silica and services to companies involved 
in the drilling, evaluation and completion of oil and 
gas wells. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies that provide 
information and data services such as seismic data 
collection primarily to the oil & gas industry and 
distributors of oil & gas equipment products. 
This Sub-Industry excludes oil spill services 
companies classified in the Environmental & 
Facilities Services Sub-Industry. 
 
101020 
Oil, Gas & 
Consumable 
Fuels 
 
10102010 
Integrated Oil & Gas 
 
Integrated oil companies engaged in the exploration 
& production of oil and gas, as well as at least one 
other significant activity in either refining, marketing 
and transportation, or chemicals. 
10102020 
Oil & Gas Exploration 
& Production 
 
Companies engaged in the exploration and 
production of oil and gas, not classified elsewhere. 
10102030 
Oil & Gas Refining & 
Marketing 
 
Companies engaged in the refining and marketing 
of oil, gas and/or refined products not classified in 
the Integrated Oil & Gas or Independent Power 
Producers & Energy Traders Sub-Industries. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies that produce 
ethanol, biodiesel, and eco-diesel fuels. 
This Sub-Industry excludes retail automotive stores 
and convenience stores that primarily sell gasoline 
(retail gas stations), automotive components,

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lubricants and related products classified in the 
Automotive Retail Sub-Industry under the Consumer 
Discretionary Sector and fuel dealers classified in 
the Oil & Gas Storage & Transportation Sub-Industry 
under the Energy Sector. 
10102040 
Oil & Gas Storage & 
Transportation 
 
Companies engaged in the storage and/or 
transportation of oil, gas and/or refined products, 
including diversified midstream natural gas 
companies, oil and refined product pipelines, coal 
slurry pipelines and oil & gas shipping companies. 
This Sub-Industry includes distributors and dealers 
of petroleum products. 
This Sub-Industry excludes natural gas 
transmission companies that operate gas pipeline 
systems and associated facilities designed for gas 
supply to end users that are classified in the Gas 
Utilities Sub-Industry under the Utilities Sector. 
10102050 
Coal & Consumable 
Fuels 
 
Companies primarily involved in the production and 
mining of coal, related products and other 
consumable fuels related to the generation of 
energy such as bituminous (thermal) coal, uranium, 
biomass, hydrogen, and petroleum coke. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies primarily 
producing gases classified in the Industrial Gases 
Sub-Industry and companies primarily mining for 
metallurgical (coking) coal used for steel production 
classified in the Steel Sub-Industry under the 
Materials Sector. 
 
Materials 
MATERIALS 
 
 
151010 
Chemicals 
 
 
15101010 
Commodity 
Chemicals 
 
Companies that primarily produce industrial 
chemicals and basic chemicals. 
This Sub-Industry includes plastics, synthetic fibers 
& filaments, synthetic rubber products, films, 
commodity-based paints & pigments, carbon black, 
explosives, petroleum lubricating oils, greases, and 
petrochemicals.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
This Sub-Industry excludes chemical companies 
classified in the Diversified Chemicals, Fertilizers & 
Agricultural Chemicals, Industrial Gases or 
Specialty Chemicals Sub-Industries. 
15101020 
Diversified Chemicals 
 
Manufacturers of a diversified range of chemical 
products not classified in the Industrial Gases, 
Commodity Chemicals, Specialty Chemicals or 
Fertilizers & Agricultural Chemicals Sub-Industries. 
15101030 
Fertilizers & 
Agricultural Chemicals 
 
Producers of fertilizers, pesticides, potash 
(including potash miners) or other agriculture-
related chemicals, not classified elsewhere. 
15101040 
Industrial Gases 
 
Manufacturers of industrial gases such as Oxygen, 
Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Carbon Dioxide, Dry Ice, Helium, 
and Acetylene.  
This Sub-Industry excludes Hydrogen used for the 
production of energy classified in the Coal & 
Consumable Fuels Sub-Industry. 
15101050 
Specialty Chemicals 
 
Companies that primarily produce high value-added 
chemicals used in the manufacture of a wide variety 
of products, including but not limited to fine 
chemicals, additives, advanced polymers, 
adhesives, sealants, and specialty paints, pigments 
& coatings. 
This Sub-Industry includes manufacturers of 
fragrance and flavor chemicals used in the 
consumer goods industry and industrial enzyme 
manufacturers.  
This Sub-Industry excludes raw materials and 
chemicals used specifically for battery production 
classified in the Electrical Components and 
Equipment Sub-Industry. 
 
151020 
Construction 
Materials 
 
 
15102010 
Construction 
Materials 
 
Manufacturers of construction materials, including 
sand, clay, gypsum, lime, aggregates, cement, 
concrete, bricks, and refractory materials. 
This Sub-Industry excludes other finished or semi-
finished building materials classified in the Building 
Products Sub-Industry.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
151030 
Containers & 
Packaging 
 
15103010 
Metal, Glass & Plastic 
Containers 
 
Manufacturers of metal, glass or plastic containers, 
including corks and caps. 
This Sub-Industry excludes manufacturers of 
glassware classified in the Housewares & 
Specialties Sub-Industry under the Consumer 
Discretionary Sector. 
15103020 
Paper & Plastic 
Packaging Products 
& Materials 
 
Manufacturers of paper and cardboard containers & 
packaging, plastic packaging materials, wood 
containers, and related packaging products. 
151040 
Metals & 
Mining 
 
15104010 
Aluminum 
 
Producers of aluminum and related products, 
including companies that mine or process bauxite 
and companies that recycle aluminum to produce 
finished or semi-finished products. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies that 
primarily produce aluminum building materials 
classified in the Building Products Sub-Industry. 
 
 
15104020 
Diversified Metals & 
Mining 
 
Companies engaged in the diversified production or 
extraction of metals and minerals, not classified 
elsewhere. 
This Sub-Industry includes nonferrous metal mining 
(except bauxite), salt & borate mining, phosphate 
rock mining, sand & gravel mining, and other 
diversified mining operations. It also includes 
providers of on-site mining services to metal 
miners. 
This Sub-Industry excludes iron ore mining 
classified in the Steel Sub-Industry, bauxite mining 
classified in the Aluminum Sub-Industry, and coal 
mining classified in either the Steel or Coal & 
Consumable Fuels Sub-Industries. 
15104025 
Copper 
 
Companies involved primarily in copper ore mining 
and companies that manufacture primary and basic 
copper products such as rods, tubes, and wires. 
This Sub-Industry excludes manufacturers of 
copper wires used mainly for electrical purposes 
classified in the Electrical Components & 
Equipment Sub-Industry under the Industrials 
Sector.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
15104030 
Gold 
 
Producers of gold and related products, including 
companies that mine or process gold and the South 
African finance houses which primarily invest in, 
but do not operate, gold mines. 
15104040 
Precious Metals & 
Minerals 
 
Companies mining precious metals and minerals 
not classified in the Gold Sub-Industry.  
This Sub-Industry includes companies primarily 
mining platinum group metals, diamonds, and 
precious stones. 
15104045 
Silver 
 
Companies primarily mining silver. 
 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified in 
the Gold or Precious Metals & Minerals Sub-
Industries. 
15104050 
Steel 
 
Producers of iron and steel and related products, 
including iron ore mining and metallurgical (coking) 
coal mining used for steel production. 
This Sub-Industry includes ferrous metal, iron and 
steel foundries. 
 
151050 
Paper & 
Forest 
Products 
 
15105010 
Forest Products 
 
Manufacturers of timber and related wood 
products. 
This Sub-Industry includes timber tract operations, 
forest nurseries, and manufacturers of lumber and 
plywood for the building industry such as wood 
panels. 
15105020 
Paper Products 
 
Manufacturers of all grades of paper.  
This Sub-Industry includes newsprint mills, 
converted paper product manufacturing, and pulp, 
paper & paperboard mills. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies specializing 
in paper packaging classified in the Paper & Plastic 
Packaging Products & Materials Sub-Industry.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
Industrials 
CAPITAL GOODS 
 
 
201010 
Aerospace & 
Defense 
 
20101010 
Aerospace & 
Defense 
 
Manufacturers of civil or military aerospace and 
defense equipment, parts or products, such as 
defense electronics and space equipment. 
This Sub-Industry includes military shipbuilding 
and companies that offer services to the defense 
industry, including support services, infrastructure 
services, operational support services, and supply 
chain & logistics management. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies that offer 
management & technology consulting services to 
government & defense organizations classified in 
the Research & Consulting Services Sub-Industry. 
 
201020 
Building 
Products 
 
20102010 
Building Products 
 
Manufacturers of building components and home 
improvement products and equipment. 
This Sub-Industry excludes lumber and plywood 
classified in the Forest Products Sub-Industry and 
cement and other materials classified in the 
Construction Materials Sub-Industry. 
 
201030 
Construction & 
Engineering 
 
20103010 
Construction 
& Engineering 
 
Companies engaged in primarily non-residential 
construction.  
This Sub-Industry includes civil engineering 
companies and large-scale contractors. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified 
in the Homebuilding Sub-Industry. 
 
201040 
Electrical 
Equipment 
 
 
20104010 
Electrical 
Components & 
Equipment 
 
Companies that produce electric cables and wires, 
electrical components or equipment not classified 
in the Heavy Electrical Equipment Sub-Industry. 
This Sub-Industry includes cables and wires, 
motors and generators (except automotive), wiring 
devices, electric lighting equipment, fuel cells, solar 
power systems, and batteries & light bulbs (except 
manufacturers of batteries and/or light bulbs who 
also market and distribute their products to end 
consumers). This Sub-Industry also includes raw

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
materials and chemicals used specifically for 
battery production. 
20104020 
Heavy Electrical 
Equipment 
 
Manufacturers of power-generating equipment and 
other heavy electrical equipment, including power 
turbines, heavy electrical machinery intended for 
fixed-use and large electrical systems. 
This Sub-Industry includes manufacturers of 
engines, power transmission equipment, and 
turbines & turbine generator set units. 
This Sub-Industry excludes cables and wires 
classified in the Electrical Components & 
Equipment Sub-Industry. 
 
201050 
Industrial 
Conglomerates 
 
20105010 
Industrial 
Conglomerates 
 
Industrial companies with diversified business 
activities in three or more GICS Sectors, none of 
which contributes a majority of revenues. Stakes 
held are predominantly of a controlling nature and 
stake holders maintain an operational interest in 
the running of the subsidiaries. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies with 
diversified business activities across three or more 
GICS Sectors, none of which contributes a majority 
of revenues and where stakes held are 
predominantly of a non-controlling nature. They are 
classified in the Multi-Sector Holdings Sub-Industry 
under the Financials Sector. 
This Sub-Industry also excludes mono holding 
companies that invest in only one specific industry 
and are classified in the respective Sub-Industries. 
 
201060 
Machinery 
 
 
20106010 
Construction 
Machinery & Heavy 
Transportation 
Equipment 
 
Manufacturers of heavy duty trucks, rolling 
machinery, earth-moving & construction equipment, 
and related parts. 
This Sub-Industry includes non-military shipbuilding.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
20106015 
Agricultural & Farm 
Machinery 
 
Companies manufacturing agricultural machinery, 
farm machinery, and related parts. 
This Sub-Industry includes machinery used for the 
production of crops & agricultural livestock, 
agricultural tractors, planting & fertilizing machinery, 
fertilizer & chemical application equipment, and 
grain dryers & blowers. 
20106020 
Industrial Machinery 
& Supplies & 
Components 
 
Manufacturers of industrial machinery and 
industrial components. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies that 
manufacture presses, 3D printers & related 
supplies, machine tools, compressors, pollution 
control equipment, elevators, escalators, insulators, 
pumps, roller bearings and other metal fabrications. 
 
201070 
Trading 
Companies & 
Distributors 
 
20107010 
Trading Companies & 
Distributors 
 
Trading companies and distributors of industrial 
equipment and products. 
This Sub-Industry includes distributors of 
chemicals, construction materials, containers & 
packaging products, metals & minerals such as 
coal & ores, paper & forest products, building 
products and electrical equipment. It also includes 
lessors of aircraft, railcars and other transportation 
equipment as well as companies that engage in 
industrial machinery rental to other businesses.  
This Sub-Industry also includes companies 
distributing or wholesaling industrial equipment and 
products to other businesses using a proprietary 
online platform/website. 
 
COMMERCIAL & PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 
 
202010 
 
20201010 
Commercial Printing 
 
Companies providing commercial printing services.  
This Sub-Industry includes printers primarily serving 
the media industry.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
Commercial 
Services & 
Supplies 
20201050 
Environmental & 
Facilities Services 
 
Companies providing environmental and facilities 
maintenance services.  
This Sub-Industry includes waste management, 
facilities management, pollution control services 
and carbon emission trading. 
This Sub-Industry excludes large-scale water 
treatment systems classified in the Water Utilities 
Sub-Industry. 
20201060 
Office Services & 
Supplies 
 
Providers of office services and manufacturers of 
office supplies and equipment, not classified 
elsewhere. 
This Sub-Industry includes distributors of office 
equipment, products and supplies. 
20201070 
Diversified Support 
Services 
 
Companies primarily providing labor oriented 
support services to businesses and governments. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies offering 
airline & railway catering services, commercial 
cleaning services, equipment repair services, 
industrial maintenance services, industrial auction 
services, storage & warehousing services, uniform 
rental services, and companies engaged in storage, 
indexing & retrieval of physical documents. This 
Sub-Industry also includes debt recovery & 
collection companies that are hired by companies 
for collection from defaulters. 
This Sub-Industry excludes debt collection 
companies that purchase debt portfolios at a 
discount from companies and subsequently 
recollect the same from the debtors and earn 
interest on debts, classified in the Consumer 
Finance Sub-Industry under the Financials Sector.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
20201080 
Security & Alarm 
Services 
 
Companies providing security and protection 
services to business and governments. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies providing 
services such as correctional facilities, security & 
alarm services, armored transportation & guarding. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies providing 
security software classified in the Systems 
Software Sub-Industry and home security services 
classified in the Specialized Consumer Services 
Sub-Industry. It also excludes companies 
manufacturing security system equipment 
classified in the Electronic Equipment & 
Instruments Sub-Industry. 
 
 
202020 
Professional 
Services 
 
 
20202010 
Human Resource & 
Employment Services 
 
Companies providing business support services 
relating to human capital management. 
This Sub-Industry includes employment agencies, 
employee training, payroll processing, benefit & 
retirement support services, corporate & job seeker 
recruitment services, and online job portals 
generating revenue from fees or commissions for 
offering recruitment services to companies or job 
seekers. 
This Sub-Industry excludes job portals that mainly 
publish job related information and generate 
revenue from advertising, classified in the 
Interactive Media & Services Sub-Industry under the 
Communication Services Sector.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
20202020 
Research & 
Consulting Services 
 
Companies primarily providing research and 
consulting services to businesses and 
governments, not classified elsewhere.   
This Sub-Industry includes credit bureaus & credit 
agencies and companies involved in management 
consulting services, architectural design, business 
information or scientific research, marketing, and 
testing & certification services. It also includes 
providers of data, content and tools for diverse 
industries but excludes those that provide such 
products primarily to the financials industry 
classified in the Financial Exchanges & Data Sub-
Industry under the Financials Sector. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies providing 
information technology consulting services 
classified in the IT Consulting & Other Services Sub-
Industry and marketing consulting services & 
market research companies classified in the 
Advertising Sub-Industry under the Communication 
Services Sector. 
 
 
20202030 
Data Processing & 
Outsourced Services 
 
Providers of commercial data processing and/or 
business process outsourcing services. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies providing 
services for customer experience management, 
back-office automation, call center management, 
and investor communications. 
 
TRANSPORTATION 
 
203010 
Air Freight & 
Logistics 
 
20301010 
Air Freight & 
Logistics 
 
Companies providing air freight transportation, 
courier & logistics services, including package & 
mail delivery and customs agents.  
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified in 
the Passenger Airlines, Marine Transportation, 
Cargo Ground Transportation and Passenger 
Ground Transportation Sub-Industries. 
 
203020 
Passenger 
Airlines 
 
20302010 
Passenger Airlines 
 
Companies providing primarily passenger air 
transportation.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
203030 
Marine 
Transportation 
 
20303010 
Marine 
Transportation 
 
Companies providing goods or passenger maritime 
transportation.  
This Sub-Industry excludes cruise-ships classified 
in the Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines Sub-Industry 
and oil & gas shipping companies classified in the 
Oil & Gas Storage & Transportation Sub-Industry. 
 
203040 
Ground 
Transportation 
 
20304010 
Rail Transportation 
 
Companies providing primarily goods and 
passenger rail transportation. 
20304030 
Cargo Ground 
Transportation 
 
Companies providing ground transportation 
services for goods and freight. 
20304040 
Passenger Ground 
Transportation 
 
Companies providing passenger ground 
transportation and related services, including bus, 
taxi, vehicle rental, ride sharing and on-demand ride 
sharing platforms, and other passenger logistics. 
 
203050 
Transportation 
Infrastructure 
 
20305010 
Airport Services 
 
Operators of airports and companies providing 
related services such as air traffic control and other 
support activities for air transportation. 
 
20305020 
Highways & 
Railtracks 
 
Owners and operators of roads, tunnels and 
railtracks, including companies providing support 
activities for road transportation. 
 
20305030 
Marine Ports & 
Services 
 
Owners and operators of marine ports, including 
companies providing support activities for marine 
transportation.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
Consumer Discretionary 
AUTOMOBILES & 
COMPONENTS 
 
 
 
251010 
Automobiles 
& 
Components 
 
25101010 
Automotive Parts & 
Equipment 
 
Manufacturers of parts and accessories for 
automobiles and motorcycles. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified in 
the Tires & Rubber Sub-Industry. 
25101020 
Tires & Rubber 
 
Manufacturers of tires and rubber. 
 
251020 
Automobiles 
 
25102010 
Automobile 
Manufacturers 
 
Companies that produce mainly passenger 
automobiles and light trucks. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies producing 
mainly motorcycles and three-wheelers classified 
in the Motorcycle Manufacturers Sub-Industry and 
heavy duty trucks classified in the Construction 
Machinery & Heavy Transportation Equipment Sub-
Industry. 
25102020 
Motorcycle 
Manufacturers 
 
Companies that produce motorcycles, scooters or 
three-wheelers. 
This Sub-Industry excludes bicycles classified in 
the Leisure Products Sub-Industry. 
 
CONSUMER DURABLES & APPAREL 
 
252010 
Household 
Durables 
 
25201010 
Consumer 
Electronics 
 
Manufacturers of consumer electronics products, 
including TVs, home audio equipment, game 
consoles, digital cameras, and related products. 
This Sub-Industry excludes manufacturers of 
smartphones, personal computers, laptops and 
notebooks classified in the Technology Hardware, 
Storage & Peripherals Sub-Industry and electric 
household appliances classified in the Household 
Appliances Sub-Industry.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
 
25201020 
Home Furnishings 
 
Manufacturers of soft home furnishings or 
furniture, including upholstery, carpets and wall-
coverings. 
25201030 
Homebuilding 
 
Residential construction companies that mainly 
build residential units such as homes, apartments, 
and condominiums for the purpose of selling to 
homeowners. 
This Sub-Industry includes manufacturers of 
prefabricated houses & semi-fixed manufactured 
homes and contractors for residential plumbing, 
heating, air conditioning, painting and related 
services. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies that develop 
real estate classified under the Real Estate Sector. 
25201040 
Household 
Appliances 
 
Manufacturers of electric household appliances 
and related products. 
This Sub-Industry includes manufacturers of power 
and hand tools, including garden improvement 
tools. 
This Sub-Industry excludes TVs and other audio & 
video products classified in the Consumer 
Electronics Sub-Industry and personal computers 
classified in the Technology Hardware, Storage & 
Peripherals Sub-Industry. 
25201050 
Housewares & 
Specialties 
 
Manufacturers of durable household products, 
including cutlery, cookware, glassware, crystal, 
silverware, utensils, kitchenware and consumer 
specialties, not classified elsewhere. 
 
252020 
Leisure 
Products 
 
25202010 
Leisure Products 
 Manufacturers of leisure products and equipment, 
including sports equipment, bicycles, toys, and 
arcade game equipment. 
 
252030 
Textiles, 
Apparel & 
Luxury Goods 
 
25203010 
Apparel, Accessories 
& Luxury Goods 
 
Manufacturers of apparel, accessories & luxury 
goods. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies primarily 
producing handbags, wallets, luggage, jewelry and 
watches. 
This Sub-Industry excludes shoes classified in the 
Footwear Sub-Industry.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
25203020 
Footwear 
 
Manufacturers of footwear including sport and 
leather shoes. 
25203030 
Textiles 
 
Manufacturers of textile and related products, not 
classified in the Apparel, Accessories & Luxury 
Goods, Footwear or Home Furnishings Sub-
Industries. 
 
CONSUMER SERVICES 
 
253010 
Hotels, 
Restaurants & 
Leisure 
 
25301010 
Casinos & Gaming 
 
Owners and operators of casinos & gaming 
facilities and resorts. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies providing 
lottery & betting services, operators of online 
casino gaming & betting websites. It also includes 
companies that offer software for online casino 
gaming & betting websites and manufacturers of 
casino gaming equipment. 
This Sub-Industry excludes manufacturers of 
arcade game equipment classified in the Leisure 
Products Sub-Industry. 
25301020 
Hotels, Resorts & 
Cruise Lines 
 
Owners and operators of hotels, resorts and cruise-
ships. 
This Sub-Industry includes travel agencies, tour 
operators and companies that offer travel 
arrangement & reservation services, including 
online travel agencies that charge commission on 
each sale for travel tickets or hotel 
accommodation. It also includes online 
marketplaces for vacations rentals and travel 
related data processing & outsourced services. 
This Sub-Industry excludes travel information sites 
that mainly offer information and generate revenue 
mainly through advertising or subscriptions, 
classified in the Interactive Media & Services Sub-
Industry. It also excludes casino hotels classified in 
the Casinos & Gaming Sub-Industry. 
25301030 
Leisure Facilities 
 
Owners and operators of leisure facilities, including 
sport and fitness centers, stadiums, golf courses 
and amusement parks, not classified in the Movies 
& Entertainment Sub-Industry.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
25301040 
Restaurants 
 
Owners and operators of restaurants, bars, pubs, 
fast-food or take-out facilities. 
This Sub-Industry includes food delivery companies 
and providers of food catering services to end 
consumers. 
 
 
253020 
Diversified 
Consumer 
Services 
 
25302010 
Education Services 
 
Companies providing educational services, either 
on-line or through conventional teaching methods. 
This Sub-Industry includes private universities, 
correspondence teaching, providers of educational 
seminars, educational materials and technical 
education. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies providing 
employee education programs classified in the 
Human Resources & Employment Services Sub-
Industry. 
25302020 
Specialized 
Consumer Services 
 
Companies providing consumer services such as 
home security services, consumer legal services, 
personal care services, residential renovation & 
interior design services, consumer auctions, day 
care centers and wedding & funeral services. 
 
CONSUMER DISCRETIONARY DISTRIBUTION 
& RETAIL 
 
255010 
Distributors 
 
25501010 
Distributors 
 
Distributors and wholesalers of consumer 
merchandise, not classified elsewhere, including 
automobile distributors. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies distributing 
or wholesaling consumer merchandise to other 
businesses using a proprietary online 
platform/website. 
 
255030 
Broadline 
Retail 
 
25503030 
Broadline Retail 
 
Retailers offering a wide range of consumer 
discretionary merchandise. 
This Sub-Industry includes general and discount 
merchandise retailers, department stores and on-
line retailers and marketplaces selling mostly 
consumer discretionary merchandise.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
255040 
Specialty 
Retail 
 
25504010 
Apparel Retail 
 
Retailers of apparel, footwear, luggage and other 
accessories.  
This Sub-Industry includes apparel manufactures 
that primarily sell through their own retail channels. 
25504020 
Computer & 
Electronics Retail 
 
Retailers of consumer electronics, computers, 
smartphones, and related products. 
25504030 
Home Improvement 
Retail 
 
Retailers of home & garden improvement products, 
including building materials and related supplies. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies that offer 
household goods repair & maintenance services. 
25504040 
Other Specialty Retail 
 
Retailers of other consumer products, not 
classified elsewhere, such as jewelry, perfumes, 
cosmetics, toys, office supplies, health & vision 
care products, books and other entertainment 
products.  
This Sub-Industry includes tobacco retail, art 
dealers, manufactured (mobile) home dealers, duty 
free shops and companies that offer rental of 
miscellaneous consumer goods. 
25504050 
Automotive Retail 
 
Retailers of automotives. 
This Sub-Industry includes automotive dealers, gas 
stations, and retailers of auto accessories, 
motorcycles & parts, automotive glass, and 
automotive equipment & parts. 
25504060 
Homefurnishing 
Retail 
 
Retailers of furniture and home furnishing 
products, including residential furniture, 
housewares, and interior design.  
This Sub-Industry excludes retailers of home and 
garden improvement products, classified in the 
Home Improvement Retail Sub-Industry.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
 
Consumer Staples 
CONSUMER STAPLES 
DISTRIBUTION & RETAIL 
 
 
 
 
 
301010 
Consumer 
Staples 
Distribution & 
Retail 
 
30101010 
Drug Retail 
 
Retailers of drugs including operators of 
pharmacies. 
30101020 
Food Distributors 
 
Distributors of food products to other companies 
and not directly to the consumer. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies distributing 
or wholesaling food products to other businesses 
using a proprietary online platform/website. 
30101030 
Food Retail 
 
Retailers of food products. 
30101040 
Consumer Staples 
Merchandise Retail 
 
Retailers offering a wide range of consumer 
staples merchandise such as food, household, and 
personal care products. 
This Sub-Industry includes hypermarkets, super 
centers and other consumer staples retailers such 
as discount retail spaces and on-line marketplaces 
selling mostly consumer staples goods. 
 
FOOD, BEVERAGE & TOBACCO 
 
302010 
Beverages 
 
30201010 
Brewers 
 
Producers of beer and malt liquors, including 
breweries not classified in the Restaurants Sub-
Industry. 
30201020 
Distillers & Vintners 
 
Distillers, vintners and producers of alcoholic 
beverages not classified in the Brewers Sub-
Industry. 
30201030 
Soft Drinks & Non-
alcoholic Beverages 
 
Producers of non-alcoholic beverages including 
mineral waters, sodas and natural bottled water.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
This Sub-Industry excludes producers of milk, 
coffee, tea and fruit juices, classified in the 
Packaged Foods & Meats Sub-Industry. 
 
302020 
Food 
Products 
 
30202010 
Agricultural Products 
& Services 
 
Producers of agricultural products. 
This Sub-Industry includes crop growers, owners of 
plantations, producers of animal feed and 
companies that produce & process food but do not 
package & market them. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified in 
the Forest Products Sub-Industry and those that 
package & market the food products classified in 
the Packaged Foods & Meats Sub-Industry. 
30202030 
Packaged Foods & 
Meats 
 
Producers of packaged foods including dairy 
products, coffee, tea, fruit juices, meats, poultry, 
fish, and pet & fish food. 
 
302030 
Tobacco 
 
30203010 
Tobacco 
 
Manufacturers of cigarettes and other tobacco 
products such as e-cigarettes. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies primarily 
engaged in producing cannabis related products, 
classified in Sub-Industries based on end use. 
 
HOUSEHOLD & PERSONAL PRODUCTS 
 
303010 
Household 
Products 
 
30301010 
Household Products 
 
Producers of non-durable household products, 
including detergents, household cleaners & 
disinfectants and other tissue & household paper 
products, not classified in the Paper Products Sub-
Industry. 
 
303020 
Personal Care 
Products 
 
30302010 
Personal Care 
Products 
 
Manufacturers of personal and beauty care 
products, including cosmetics, perfumes, toiletries, 
diapers, hygiene products, vitamins, dietary 
supplements and other herbal & holistic medicines. 
This Sub-Industry excludes products of curative 
medical nature classified in the Pharmaceuticals 
Sub-Industry under the Health Care Sector.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
Health Care 
HEALTH CARE EQUIPMENT & 
SERVICES 
 
 
351010 
Health Care 
Equipment & 
Supplies 
 
35101010 
Health Care 
Equipment 
 
Manufacturers of health care equipment and 
devices. 
This Sub-Industry includes medical instruments, 
drug delivery systems, cardiovascular & orthopedic 
devices, and diagnostic equipment that are 
generally long lasting and/or reusable. 
35101020 
Health Care Supplies 
 
Manufacturers of health care supplies and medical 
products that tend to be disposable. 
This Sub-Industry includes eye care products, 
hospital supplies, and safety needle & syringe 
devices. 
 
351020 
Health Care 
Providers & 
Services 
 
35102010 
Health Care 
Distributors 
 
Distributors and wholesalers of health care 
products, not classified elsewhere.  
This Sub-Industry includes companies distributing 
or wholesaling health care products to other 
businesses using a proprietary online 
platform/website. 
35102015 
Health Care Services 
 
Providers of patient health care services, not 
classified elsewhere. 
This Sub-Industry includes dialysis centers, lab 
testing services, and pharmacy management 
services. It also includes companies providing 
business support services to health care providers, 
such as clerical support services, collection agency 
services, staffing services and outsourced sales & 
marketing services. 
35102020 
Health Care Facilities 
 
Owners and operators of health care facilities, 
including hospitals, nursing homes, rehabilitation 
centers and animal hospitals. 
This Sub-Industry includes residential care facilities 
and assisted living facilities. 
35102030 
Managed Health Care 
 
Owners and operators of Health Maintenance 
Organizations (HMOs) and other managed plans.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
These companies derive premium revenues from 
risk-based health insurance arrangements and 
include Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs), 
Consumer Driven Health Plans (CDHPs), Health 
Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) and Point-of-
Service (POS) plans. It also includes health and 
dental benefit plans. 
 
351030 
Health Care 
Technology 
 
35103010 
Health Care 
Technology 
 
Companies providing information technology 
services primarily to health care providers. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies providing 
application, systems and/or data processing 
software, internet-based tools, and IT consulting 
services to doctors, hospitals or businesses 
operating primarily in the Health Care Sector. 
 
PHARMACEUTICALS, BIOTECHNOLOGY & 
LIFE SCIENCES 
 
352010 
Biotechnology 
 
35201010 
Biotechnology 
 
Companies primarily engaged in the research, 
development, manufacturing and/or marketing of 
products based on genetic analysis and genetic 
engineering. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies 
specializing in protein-based therapeutics to 
treat human diseases. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies 
manufacturing products using biotechnology but 
without a health care application. 
352020 
Pharmaceuticals 
 35202010 
Pharmaceuticals 
 
Companies engaged in the research, 
development or production of pharmaceuticals, 
including active pharmaceutical ingredients 
(APIs) and veterinary drugs. 
352030 
Life Sciences 
Tools & Services 
 35203010 
Life Sciences Tools 
& Services 
 
Companies enabling the drug discovery, 
development and production continuum by 
providing analytical tools, instruments, 
consumables & supplies, clinical trial services 
and contract research services.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
This Sub-Industry includes companies primarily 
servicing the pharmaceutical and biotechnology 
industries. 
 
 
Financials 
BANKS 
 
 
401010 
Banks 
 
40101010 
Diversified Banks 
 
Large, geographically diverse banks with a national 
footprint whose revenues are derived primarily from 
conventional banking operations, have significant 
business activity in retail banking and small and 
medium corporate lending, and provide a diverse 
range of financial services. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified in 
the Regional Banks, Commercial & Residential 
Mortgage Finance and Investment Banking & 
Brokerage Sub-Industries. 
40101015 
Regional Banks 
 
Commercial banks, savings banks and thrifts whose 
business are derived primarily from conventional 
banking operations such as retail banking, 
corporate lending and originating various residential 
and commercial mortgage loans funded mainly 
through deposits. Regional banks tend to operate in 
limited geographic regions. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified in 
the Diversified Banks, Commercial & Residential 
Mortgage Finance and Investment Banking & 
Brokerage Sub-Industries. 
 
FINANCIAL SERVICES 
 
402010 
Financial 
Services 
 
40201020 
Diversified Financial 
Services 
 
Providers of a diverse range of financial services 
and/or with some interest in a wide range of 
financial services including banking, annuity, 
insurance, investment management and capital 
markets, but with no dominant business line.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified in 
the Regional Banks and Diversified Banks Sub-
Industries. 
40201030 
Multi-Sector Holdings 
 
Companies with significantly diversified holdings 
across three or more GICS Sectors, none of which 
contributes a majority of profit and/or sales. Stakes 
held are predominantly of a non-controlling nature. 
This Sub-Industry includes diversified financial 
companies where stakes held are of a controlling 
nature. 
This Sub-Industry excludes other diversified 
companies classified in the Industrials 
Conglomerates Sub-Industry. It also excludes mono 
holding companies that invest in only one specific 
industry and are classified in the respective Sub-
Industries. 
40201040 
Specialized Finance 
 
Providers of specialized financial services, not 
classified elsewhere. Companies in this Sub-
Industry derive a majority of revenue from one 
specialized line of business. 
This Sub-Industry includes commercial financing 
companies, central banks, leasing institutions, 
factoring services, and specialty boutiques. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified in 
the Financial Exchanges & Data Sub-Industry. 
 
 
40201050 
Commercial & 
Residential Mortgage 
Finance 
 
Financial companies providing commercial and 
residential mortgage financing and related 
mortgage services. 
This Sub-Industry includes non-deposit funded 
mortgage lending institutions, building societies, 
companies providing real estate financing products, 
loan servicing, mortgage broker services, and 
mortgage insurance. 
 
40201060 
Transaction & 
Payment Processing 
Services 
 
Providers of transaction & payment processing 
services and related payment services, including 
digital/mobile payment processors, payment 
service providers & gateways, and digital wallet 
providers.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
402020 
Consumer 
Finance 
 
40202010 
Consumer Finance 
 
Providers of consumer finance services, including 
personal credit, credit cards, lease financing, travel-
related money services and pawn shops. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies that 
purchase debt portfolios at a discount from other 
companies and engage in collection from debtors 
and earn interest on the debts. It also includes 
lending facilitation companies operating peer to 
peer (P2P) Internet communities where users 
borrow and lend money online.  
This Sub-Industry excludes mortgage lenders 
classified in the Commercial & Residential 
Mortgage Finance Sub-Industry. 
 
402030 
Capital 
Markets 
 
40203010 
Asset Management & 
Custody Banks 
 
Financial institutions primarily engaged in 
investment management and/or related custody 
and securities fee-based services. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies operating 
mutual funds, closed-end funds and unit investment 
trusts. 
This Sub-Industry excludes banks and other 
financial institutions primarily involved in 
commercial lending, investment banking, brokerage 
and other specialized financial activities. 
40203020 
Investment Banking 
& Brokerage 
 
Financial institutions primarily engaged in 
investment banking & brokerage services, including 
equity & debt underwriting, mergers & acquisitions, 
securities lending and advisory services. 
This Sub-Industry excludes banks and other 
financial institutions primarily involved in 
commercial lending, asset management and 
specialized financial activities. 
40203030 
Diversified Capital 
Markets 
 
Financial institutions primarily engaged in 
diversified capital markets activities, including a 
significant presence in at least two of the following 
areas: large/major corporate lending, investment 
banking, brokerage and asset management.  
This Sub-Industry excludes less diversified 
companies classified in the Asset Management & 
Custody Banks or Investment Banking & Brokerage 
Sub-Industries. It also excludes companies

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
classified in the Banks or Insurance Industry Groups 
and in the Consumer Finance Sub-Industry. 
40203040 
Financial Exchanges 
& Data 
 
Financial exchanges for securities, commodities, 
derivatives, cryptocurrencies and other financial 
instruments, and providers of financial decision 
support tools and products including ratings 
agencies. 
This Sub-Industry excludes providers of financial 
magazines, journals, and websites classified in the 
Publishing Sub-Industry. 
 
402040 
Mortgage 
Real Estate 
Investment 
 
40204010 
Mortgage REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts that service, originate, 
purchase and/or securitize residential and/or 
commercial mortgage loans.   
This Sub-Industry includes trusts that invest in 
mortgage-backed securities and other mortgage 
related assets. 
 
INSURANCE 
 
403010 
Insurance 
 
40301010 
Insurance Brokers 
 
Insurance and reinsurance brokerage firms. 
40301020 
Life & Health 
Insurance 
 
Companies providing primarily life, disability, 
indemnity or supplemental health insurance. 
This Sub-Industry excludes managed care 
companies classified in the Managed Health Care 
Sub-Industry. 
40301030 
Multi-line Insurance 
 
Insurance companies with diversified interests in 
life, health and property and casualty insurance. 
40301040 
Property & Casualty 
Insurance 
 
Companies providing primarily property and 
casualty insurance, including financial & title 
insurance. 
40301050 
Reinsurance 
 
Companies providing primarily reinsurance.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
Information Technology 
SOFTWARE & SERVICES 
 
 
451020 
IT Services 
 
45102010 
IT Consulting & Other 
Services 
 
Providers of information technology and systems 
integration services. 
This Sub-Industry includes information technology 
consulting and information management services. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies that offer 
management & technology consulting services to 
government and defense organizations classified in 
the Research & Consulting Services Sub-Industry. 
45102030 
Internet Services & 
Infrastructure 
 
Companies providing services and infrastructure for 
the internet industry including data centers and 
cloud networking & storage infrastructure. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies providing 
web hosting services, web-based tools for 
constructing & managing websites, providers of 
internet security for websites & companies and 
domain name providers & registry services. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified in 
the Software Industry. 
 
451030 
Software 
 45103010 
Application Software 
 
Companies engaged in developing and producing 
software designed for specialized applications for 
the business or consumer market. 
This Sub-Industry includes enterprise & technical 
software, cloud-based software and companies 
engaged in bitcoin mining. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies classified in 
the Interactive Home Entertainment Sub-Industry 
and companies producing systems or database 
management software classified in the Systems 
Software Sub-Industry. 
45103020 
Systems Software 
 
Companies engaged in developing and producing 
software for operating systems & platforms, 
database management software and firewalls.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
TECHNOLOGY HARDWARE & EQUIPMENT 
 
452010 
Communications 
Equipment 
 
45201020 
Communications 
Equipment 
 
Manufacturers of communication equipment 
and products, including LANs (Local Area 
Networks), WANs (Wide Area Networks), 
routers, telephone apparatus & modems, 
switchboards & exchanges and fiber optic 
cables & coaxial cables used by the 
telecommunications industry. 
This Sub-Industry includes radio & television 
broadcasting equipment. 
This Sub-Industry excludes smartphone 
manufacturers classified in the Technology 
Hardware, Storage & Peripherals Sub-Industry. 
 
452020 
Technology 
Hardware, 
Storage & 
Peripherals 
 
45202030 
Technology 
Hardware, Storage 
& Peripherals 
 
Manufacturers of smartphones, personal 
computers, laptops, notebooks, servers, electronic 
computer printers, and related components and 
peripherals. 
This Sub-Industry includes manufacturers of data 
storage components, motherboards, audio and 
video cards, monitors and keyboards. It also 
includes manufacturers of automatic teller 
machines (ATMs) and hardware used for 
cryptocurrency mining and validating. 
This Sub-Industry excludes semiconductors 
classified in the Semiconductors Sub-Industry. 
 
452030 
Electronic 
Equipment, 
Instruments 
& 
Components 
 
45203010 
Electronic 
Equipment & 
Instruments 
 
Manufacturers of electronic equipment and 
instruments, including analytical, electronic test & 
measurement instruments, scanner/barcode 
products, lasers, display screens, point-of-sales 
machines, and security system equipment. 
45203015 
Electronic 
Components 
 
Manufacturers of electronic components generally 
used to create end products. 
This Sub-Industry includes electronic components, 
connection devices, electron tubes, electronic 
capacitors & resistors, electronic coils, printed

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
circuit boards, transformers & other inductors, and 
signal processing technology/components. 
45203020 
Electronic 
Manufacturing 
Services 
 
Producers of electronic equipment mainly for the 
OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturers) markets. 
These companies manufacture products that are 
largely customized as per the specifications 
outlined by their clients. 
45203030 
Technology 
Distributors 
 
Distributors of software, technology hardware and 
equipment, communications equipment, computers 
& peripherals, semiconductors, and electronic 
equipment & components. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies distributing 
or wholesaling technology products to other 
businesses using a proprietary online 
platform/website. 
 
SEMICONDUCTORS & SEMICONDUCTOR 
EQUIPMENT 
 
453010 
Semiconductors 
& 
Semiconductor 
Equipment 
 
45301010 
Semiconductor 
Materials & 
Equipment 
 
Manufacturers of semiconductor equipment, 
including manufacturers of the raw material and 
equipment used in the solar power industry such as 
raw wafers, gases, liquids and related packaging & 
material delivery systems. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies that provide 
semiconductor test, assembly, and packaging 
systems. 
This Sub-Industry excludes printed circuit board 
manufacturers classified in the Electronic 
Components Sub-Industry. 
45301020 
Semiconductors 
 
Manufacturers of semiconductors and related 
products, including solar modules, solar cells, 
integrated circuit devices, diodes and light-emitting 
diodes (LEDs), microprocessors and chips. 
This Sub-Industry also includes providers of 
semiconductor packaging and test services.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
Communication Services 
TELECOMMUNICATION 
SERVICES 
 
 
501010 
Diversified 
Telecommunication 
Services 
 
50101010 
Alternative Carriers 
 
Providers of communications and high-density 
data transmission services primarily through a 
high bandwidth/fiber-optic cable network. 
This Sub-Industry includes satellite companies 
that mainly offer services to the 
telecommunication industry. 
50101020 
Integrated 
Telecommunication 
Services 
 
Operators of primarily fixed-line 
telecommunications networks and companies 
providing both wireless and fixed-line 
telecommunications services, not classified 
elsewhere. 
This Sub-Industry includes internet service 
providers offering internet access to end users 
and companies that construct as well as 
operate telecommunication towers. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies that 
mainly construct telecom towers and do not 
operate them, classified in the Construction & 
Engineering Sub-Industry. 
 
501020 
Wireless 
Telecommunication 
Services 
 50102010 
Wireless 
Telecommunication 
Services 
 
Providers of primarily cellular or wireless 
telecommunication services including in-flight 
internet providers. 
 
MEDIA & ENTERTAINMENT 
 
502010 
Media 
 50201010 
Advertising 
 
Companies providing advertising, marketing or 
public relations services. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies offering 
digital advertising services, marketing 
consulting services, market research and 
reward program management services.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
50201020 
Broadcasting 
 
Owners and operators of television or radio 
broadcasting systems, including programming. 
This Sub-Industry includes radio and television 
broadcasting, radio networks, and radio 
stations. 
50201030 
Cable & Satellite 
 
Providers of cable or satellite television 
services. 
This Sub-Industry includes cable networks and 
program distribution. 
50201040 
Publishing 
 
Publishers of newspapers, magazines and 
books in print or electronic formats. 
This Sub-Industry includes publishers of 
financial journals, magazines, and websites, 
which do not provide financial data, pricing or 
ratings information to financial service 
companies. 
 
502020 
Entertainment 
 50202010 
Movies & 
Entertainment 
 
Companies that engage in producing and 
selling entertainment products and services, 
including companies engaged in the 
production, distribution and screening of 
movies and television shows, producers and 
distributors of music, entertainment theaters 
and sports teams. 
This Sub-Industry also includes companies 
offering and/or producing entertainment and 
music content streamed online. 
50202020 
Interactive Home 
Entertainment 
 
Producers of interactive gaming products, 
including mobile gaming applications. 
This Sub-Industry includes educational 
software used primarily in the home, video 
game developers, and streaming platforms 
focused on gaming. 
This Sub-Industry excludes online gambling 
companies classified in the Casinos & Gaming 
Sub-Industry. 
 
502030 
Interactive Media & 
Services 
 50203010 
Interactive Media 
& Services 
 
Companies engaging in content and 
information creation or distribution through 
proprietary platforms, where revenues are

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
derived primarily through pay-per-click 
advertisements. 
This Sub-Industry includes search engines, 
social media & networking platforms, online 
classifieds, online review companies and 
Internet TV companies. It also includes online 
video and content sharing companies. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies that 
derive a commission upon a consumer’s 
purchase or subscription to another 
company’s product or service, classified in 
respective Sub-Industries, such as online travel 
related sites selling a service or product 
directly to end consumers, which are classified 
in the Hotels Resorts & Cruise Lines Sub-
Industry. 
 
Utilities 
UTILITIES 
 
 
551010 
Electric 
Utilities 
 
55101010 
Electric Utilities 
 
Companies that produce or distribute electricity, 
including both nuclear and non-nuclear facilities. 
This Sub-Industry includes companies that are 
vertically integrated across electricity generation 
and distribution chain, but whose primary business 
focus is on the distribution of electricity to the end 
users. It also includes electricity transmission & 
distribution companies. 
 
551020 
Gas Utilities 
 
55102010 
Gas Utilities 
 
Companies whose main charter is to distribute and 
transmit natural & manufactured gas, including 
propane distributors. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies primarily 
involved in gas exploration or production classified 
in the Oil & Gas Exploration & Production Sub-
Industry. It also excludes companies engaged in the 
storage and/or transportation of oil, gas, and/or 
refined products classified in the Oil & Gas Storage 
& Transportation Sub-Industry.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
551030 
Multi-Utilities  
55103010 
Multi-Utilities 
 
Utility companies with significantly diversified 
activities in addition to core electric utility, gas 
utility and/or water utility operations. 
 
551040 
Water Utilities  
55104010 
Water Utilities 
 
Companies that purchase and redistribute water to 
end consumers.  
This Sub-Industry includes large-scale water 
treatment systems, water supply & irrigation 
systems, and steam heating. 
 
551050 
Independent 
Power and 
Renewable 
Electricity 
Producers 
 55105010 
Independent Power 
Producers & Energy 
Traders 
 
Companies that operate as Independent Power 
Producers (IPPs), Gas & Power Marketing & Trading 
Specialists and/or Integrated Energy Merchants. 
This Sub-Industry excludes producers of electricity 
using renewable sources, such as solar power, 
hydropower, and wind power. It also excludes 
electricity transmission & distribution companies 
classified in the Electric Utilities Sub-Industry. 
55105020 
Renewable Electricity 
 
Companies that engage in the generation and 
distribution of electricity using renewable sources, 
including, but not limited to, companies that 
produce electricity using biomass, geothermal 
energy, solar energy, hydropower, and wind power. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies 
manufacturing capital equipment used to generate 
electricity using renewable sources, such as 
manufacturers of solar power systems, installers of 
photovoltaic cells, and companies involved in the 
provision of technology, components, and services 
mainly to this market.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
Real Estate 
EQUITY REAL ESTATE 
INVESTMENT TRUSTS (REITs)  
 
601010 
Diversified REITs 
 
60101010 
Diversified REITs* 
 
A company or Trust with significantly 
diversified operations across two or more 
property types. 
 
601025 
Industrial REITs 
 
60102510 
Industrial REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the 
acquisition, development, ownership, leasing, 
management and operation of industrial 
properties, such as industrial warehouses and 
distribution properties. 
 
601030 
Hotel & Resort 
REITs 
 
60103010 
Hotel & Resort 
REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the 
acquisition, development, ownership, leasing, 
management and operation of hotel and resort 
properties. 
 
601040 
Office REITs 
 
60104010 
Office REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the 
acquisition, development, ownership, leasing, 
management and operation of office properties. 
 
601050 
Health Care REITs 
 
60105010 
Health Care REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the 
acquisition, development, ownership, leasing, 
management and operation of properties 
serving the health care industry, including 
hospitals, nursing homes, and assisted living 
properties. 
 
601060 
Residential REITs 
 
60106010 
Multi-Family 
Residential REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the 
acquisition, development, ownership, leasing, 
management and operation of apartments and 
other multi-family housing, including student 
housing. 
 
 
60106020 
Single-Family 
Residential REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the 
acquisition, development, ownership, leasing, 
management and operation of single-family 
residential housing, including manufactured 
homes.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
601070 
Retail REITs 
 
60107010 
Retail REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the 
acquisition, development, ownership, leasing, 
management and operation of shopping malls, 
outlet malls, neighborhood and community 
shopping centers. 
 
601080 
Specialized REITs 
 
60108010 
Other Specialized 
REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the 
acquisition, development, ownership, leasing, 
management and operation of properties not 
classified elsewhere. 
This Sub-Industry includes REITs that manage 
and own properties such as natural gas and 
crude oil pipelines, gas stations, fiber optic 
cables, prisons, automobile parking, and 
automobile dealerships. 
 
 
60108020 
Self-Storage REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the acquisition, 
development, ownership, leasing, management 
and operation of self storage properties. 
 
 
60108030 
Telecom Tower 
REITs 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the 
acquisition, development, ownership, leasing, 
management and operation of telecom towers 
and related structures that support wireless 
telecommunications. 
 
 
60108040 
Timber REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the 
acquisition, development, ownership, leasing, 
management and operation of timberland and 
timber-related properties. 
 
 
60108050 
Data Center REITs* 
 
Companies or Trusts engaged in the acquisition, 
development, ownership, leasing, management 
and operation of data center properties. 
 
 
REAL ESTATE MANAGEMENT & DEVELOPMENT 
 
 
602010 
Real Estate 
Management & 
Development 
 60201010 
Diversified Real 
Estate Activities 
 
Companies engaged in a diverse spectrum of 
real estate activities including real estate 
development & sales, real estate management, 
or real estate services, but with no dominant 
business line. 
60201020 
 
Companies engaged in operating real estate 
properties for the purpose of leasing &

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
Real Estate 
Operating 
Companies 
management, including real estate property 
managers. 
60201030 
 
Real Estate 
Development 
 
Companies that develop real estate and sell the 
properties after development, including 
developers of active senior communities. 
This Sub-Industry excludes companies 
classified in the Homebuilding Sub-Industry. 
60201040 
 
Real Estate 
Services 
 
Real estate service providers such as real 
estate agents, brokers, real estate appraisers 
and other real estate related services. 
This Sub-Industry includes providers of real 
estate information, analytics, data and tools. 
This Sub-Industry excludes online real estate 
platforms that offer mainly information and 
earn revenue from pay-per-click advertising 
classified in the Interactive Media & Services 
Sub-Industry. 
 
*A company will be classified as a REIT, if it mentions in an official document that it operates as a 
REIT (as per the country's effective legal REIT structure). In general, to be classified as a REIT, a 
company must have a Property Trust Structure (either as a stand-alone trust or stapled), with 
primary investments in real estate or mortgage loans and where majority of the company’s taxable 
Income is paid out as a dividend. If stapled, it should derive at least 60% of revenue from the trust 
arm. Asset holdings break down and net earnings are also considered while determining the GICS 
classification, in general.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
Section 8: MSCI Fixed Income Sector Classification Guidelines 
MSCI also leverages the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) to classify companies that 
have issued Fixed Income securities such as corporate bonds. 
 
8.1 Fixed income universe eligible for classification 
Corporates that have issued bonds are eligible for a classification. 
Supranationals, Municipals and Sovereigns that have issued fixed income securities are currently not 
covered under this Methodology. 
 
8.1.1 Classification of a company that has issued both equity and 
corporate bonds 
Propagation of GICS from company level to security level 
GICS is assigned at the company level and thus all securities, equities or corporate bonds, 
issued by the company will have the same GICS classification as the company. 
MSCI leverages GICS assigned to a company that has issued equity securities and assigns 
the same GICS classification to the corporate bonds issued by the company. 
 
Example: GICS of a corporate bond issued by General Electric 
The corporate bond issued by General Electric will have the same GICS as assigned to 
General Electric. 
GICS level 
GICS code 
GICS description 
Sector 
20 
Industrials 
Industry Group 
2010 
Capital Goods 
Industry 
201050 
Industrial Conglomerates 
Sub-Industry 
20105010 
Industrial Conglomerates

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
8.1.2 Classification of a company that has issued only corporate bonds 
Each corporate bond issuer is assigned to a GICS Sub-Industry based on the GICS of its 
related listed entity, i.e., its parent company or ultimate parent company, as available in GICS 
Direct. 
 
Example: GICS of corporate bond issued by Coca-Cola Refreshments USA Inc. 
Coca-Cola Refreshments USA Inc.’s parent is Coca-Cola Co which is classified as “30201030 
- Soft Drinks”. 
GICS of the corporate bond issued by Coca-Cola Refreshments USA Inc. will be: 
 
GICS level 
GICS code 
GICS description 
Sector 
30 
Consumer Staples 
Industry Group 
3020 
Food, Beverage and Tobacco 
Industry 
302010 
Beverages 
Sub-Industry 
30201030 
Soft Drinks & Non-alcoholic Beverages 
 
In cases where the related entities, i.e., its parent and ultimate parent company don’t have 
GICS in GICS Direct, the corporate bond issuer will be classified based on its own or its 
related entities’ underlying business using the GICS framework. 
 
In addition, if the corporate bond issuer is a special purpose vehicle or a captive finance 
vehicle, it will be classified based on the business of its related entities as described in 
Section 3.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
8.2 Source of information used for the GICS classification of 
fixed income 
The primary source of information used to classify fixed income securities is the company’s annual 
reports and accounts. Other sources include broker reports and other published research literature. 
In the case of a new issue, the classification will be determined based primarily on the description of 
the company’s activities and pro forma results as given in the prospectus. 
 
8.3 Maintenance of GICS for companies that have issued 
corporate bonds 
8.3.1 Ongoing review 
A company’s Sub-Industry classification will be reviewed at least annually. It will also be 
reviewed when a significant corporate restructuring occurs. GICS reviews could also occur 
upon client request. 
In order to provide a stable Sub-Industry classification, when reviewing a company’s 
classification, changes will be minimized in the Sub-Industry classification to the extent 
possible by disregarding temporary fluctuations in the results of a company’s different 
activities. 
 
8.3.2 Impact of GICS structure review 
All changes in the GICS Structure and definitions resulting from a Structure Review will be 
applicable to the classification of companies that have issued fixed income securities as well.

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GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) METHODOLOGY 
AUGUST 2024 
 
Appendix 1: Changes to the GICS Methodology book 
The following sections were modified as of March 2023: 
 
▪ 
Section 1: GICS Hierarchy  
▪ 
1.2: The GICS Structure  
▪ 
Section 7: GICS Sub-Industry Definitions 
 
 
The following sections were modified as of August 2024: 
 
▪ 
Section 7: GICS Sub-Industry Definitions

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About MSCI 
MSCI is a leading provider of critical decision 
support tools and services for the global 
investment community. With over 50 years of 
expertise in research, data and technology, we 
power better investment decisions by enabling 
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